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Trading Economics和美国地质调查局数据显示,2022年石油市场规模已超过2万亿美元,比十大金属(铁矿石、黄金、铜、铝、镍、锌、银、钼、钯、铅)产值总和还要大。

来源:自然资源部

据统计,2022年,全球平均每天生产8075万桶石油(包括凝析油),原油年产量约为295亿桶,全球原油市场规模约为2.1万亿美元,十大金属的市场规模总和约为9667亿美元,不到原油市场的一半。
其中铁矿石市场规模为2830亿美元,黄金约1960亿美元,铜约1830亿美元,铝约1530亿美元,镍约690亿美元,锌约310亿美元,银约200亿美元,钼约130亿美元,钯约为95亿美元,铅约92亿美元。

石油市场的交易在全球经济中占据重要地位,影响着各个国家和地区的经济发展。一直以来,石油都是运输的主要能源,除此之外还是许多行业的关键原材料,例如塑料、化肥、化妆品和医药等许多行业的发展都离不开原油,因此,全球石油市场的规模是天文数字,具有重大的经济和地缘政治影响,少数国家主导着全球石油生产,也是影响能源价格的因素之一。
除此之外,随着全球经济开始复苏,以及疫情全面放开后的需求增加,全球石油价格开始上涨。由于化石燃料贸易受到密切关注,俄罗斯入侵乌克兰进一步推高了这些价格,加之欧佩克+国家持续自愿减产,也一定程度上支撑了油价。
2022年,石油巨头们赚得盆满钵满,据统计,五大石油巨头(埃克森美孚、雪佛龙、壳牌、英国石油公司和道达尔能源公司)利润增加了一倍多,2022年累计利润超过2000亿美元!
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数据来源:Energy Monitor
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